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بتاريخ 18 سبتمبر 2025 في 8:11:38 ص UTC, Gravatar Eleftherios Kaltsas:
  • غيّر منشئ Impact of Sewage Wastewater on the Environment of Tanjero River and Its Basin within Sulaimani City إلى Rezan Omer Rasheed & Tavga Ahmed HamaKarim (سابقا Eleftherios Kaltsas)


  • Set author email of Impact of Sewage Wastewater on the Environment of Tanjero River and Its Basin within Sulaimani City to rorasheed@gmail.com ( previously e.kaltsas@unesco.org )


  • تم تحديث وصف Impact of Sewage Wastewater on the Environment of Tanjero River and Its Basin within Sulaimani City من

    This study assesses the impacts of untreated wastewater discharge from Sulaimani City, Iraq, into the Tanjero River and proposes a framework for wastewater treatment planning. Nine sewer outlets representing residential, commercial, industrial, tourism, and hospital effluents were sampled over a year, and physicochemical analyses revealed elevated levels of turbidity, total dissolved solids, hardness, nitrates, and heavy metals—particularly in industrial zones. Questionnaire surveys conducted in 31 surrounding villages indicated significant health burdens, including chronic diseases, diarrhea, typhoid, skin disorders, and cancer, alongside impacts on livestock, fisheries, and agricultural productivity. Rice cultivation has nearly disappeared, and vegetable farming has declined due to water contamination. The findings highlight severe environmental and public health risks from current practices, where raw wastewater is still used for irrigation and animal watering. To mitigate these impacts, the study recommends constructing two wastewater treatment plants with stormwater retention structures, enforcing pretreatment of industrial effluents, and introducing appropriate on-site sanitation for unconnected households. Adoption of these measures would safeguard water resources, improve public health, and enable the safe reuse of treated wastewater for agriculture and industry.
    إلى
    This study (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-017-3298-0) assesses the impacts of untreated wastewater discharge from Sulaimani City, Iraq, into the Tanjero River and proposes a framework for wastewater treatment planning. Nine sewer outlets representing residential, commercial, industrial, tourism, and hospital effluents were sampled over a year, and physicochemical analyses revealed elevated levels of turbidity, total dissolved solids, hardness, nitrates, and heavy metals—particularly in industrial zones. Questionnaire surveys conducted in 31 surrounding villages indicated significant health burdens, including chronic diseases, diarrhea, typhoid, skin disorders, and cancer, alongside impacts on livestock, fisheries, and agricultural productivity. Rice cultivation has nearly disappeared, and vegetable farming has declined due to water contamination. The findings highlight severe environmental and public health risks from current practices, where raw wastewater is still used for irrigation and animal watering. To mitigate these impacts, the study recommends constructing two wastewater treatment plants with stormwater retention structures, enforcing pretreatment of industrial effluents, and introducing appropriate on-site sanitation for unconnected households. Adoption of these measures would safeguard water resources, improve public health, and enable the safe reuse of treated wastewater for agriculture and industry.


  • تم تغيير قيمة الحقل form_mode إلى advanced في Impact of Sewage Wastewater on the Environment of Tanjero River and Its Basin within Sulaimani City


  • تم تغيير قيمة الحقل modified إلى 2025-09-18 في Impact of Sewage Wastewater on the Environment of Tanjero River and Its Basin within Sulaimani City


  • تم تغيير قيمة الحقل doi_date_published إلى 2025-09-18 في Impact of Sewage Wastewater on the Environment of Tanjero River and Its Basin within Sulaimani City


  • تم تغيير قيمة الحقل notes_translated إلى {'en': 'This study (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-017-3298-0) assesses the impacts of untreated wastewater discharge from Sulaimani City, Iraq, into the Tanjero River and proposes a framework for wastewater treatment planning. Nine sewer outlets representing residential, commercial, industrial, tourism, and hospital effluents were sampled over a year, and physicochemical analyses revealed elevated levels of turbidity, total dissolved solids, hardness, nitrates, and heavy metals—particularly in industrial zones. Questionnaire surveys conducted in 31 surrounding villages indicated significant health burdens, including chronic diseases, diarrhea, typhoid, skin disorders, and cancer, alongside impacts on livestock, fisheries, and agricultural productivity. Rice cultivation has nearly disappeared, and vegetable farming has declined due to water contamination. The findings highlight severe environmental and public health risks from current practices, where raw wastewater is still used for irrigation and animal watering. To mitigate these impacts, the study recommends constructing two wastewater treatment plants with stormwater retention structures, enforcing pretreatment of industrial effluents, and introducing appropriate on-site sanitation for unconnected households. Adoption of these measures would safeguard water resources, improve public health, and enable the safe reuse of treated wastewater for agriculture and industry.', 'es': '', 'fr': ''} في Impact of Sewage Wastewater on the Environment of Tanjero River and Its Basin within Sulaimani City


  • تم تغيير قيمة الحقل modified في المورد Impact assessment of wastewater and planning for a treatment plant within Sulaimani City, Iraq إلى 2025-09-18 (سابقا 2025-08-29) في Impact of Sewage Wastewater on the Environment of Tanjero River and Its Basin within Sulaimani City


  • تم تغيير قيمة الحقل modified في المورد Sulaimani Wastewater Organics Metals إلى 2025-09-18 (سابقا 2025-08-29) في Impact of Sewage Wastewater on the Environment of Tanjero River and Its Basin within Sulaimani City


  • تم تغيير قيمة الحقل modified في المورد Sulaimani Wastewater PhysicoChemical Nutrients إلى 2025-09-18 (سابقا 2025-08-29) في Impact of Sewage Wastewater on the Environment of Tanjero River and Its Basin within Sulaimani City